The findlib User's Guide
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# Does Findlib support camlp4?

Short answer: Yes, but there is only little documentation.

Since Findlib-0.4, there is some experimental camlp4 support. For example, the following compiler invocation chooses the revised syntax:

    ocamlfind ocamlc -syntax camlp4r -package camlp4 -c file.ml

As you can see, camlp4 must be included as package, and the -syntax option must specify which syntax is selected (either `camlp4o` or `camlp4r`).

If you want to pass additional options to the preprocessor, you can use the `-ppopt` option:

    ocamlfind ocamlc -syntax camlp4r -package camlp4 -ppopt pa_ifdef.cmo -c file.ml

From the toploop, the following commands work:

    $ ocaml
            Objective Caml version 3.07+2

    # #use "./topfind";;
    - : unit = ()
    Findlib has been successfully loaded. Additional directives:
      #require "package";;      to load a package
      #list;;                   to list the available packages
      #camlp4o;;                to load camlp4 (standard syntax)
      #camlp4r;;                to load camlp4 (revised syntax)
      #predicates "p,q,...";;   to set these predicates
      Topfind.reset();;         to force that packages will be reloaded
      #thread;;                 to enable threads

    - : unit = ()
    # #camlp4o;;            (* or camlp4r *)
    /opt/godi/lib/ocaml/std-lib/camlp4: added to search path
    /opt/godi/lib/ocaml/std-lib/camlp4/camlp4o.cma: loaded
            Camlp4 Parsing version 3.07+2

    # _

## The concept

If you have a `-syntax` option on the command line, ocamlfind will generate a `-pp` parameter and pass it to the invoked compiler. This is performed as follows: The specified packages are inspected under a certain set of predicates, the syntax predicates. The syntax predicates are `syntax`, `preprocessor`, and the predicates following `-syntax`. The predicate `syntax` simply means that the `-syntax` option has been specified. The predicate `preprocessor` means that the preprocessor command is being constructed. The predicates added by `-syntax` may be used to distinguish between syntax variants (currently `camlp4o` and `camlp4r`).

The packages are searched for a variable `preprocessor`; normally the `camlp4` package defines it as (see its META file):

    preprocessor = "camlp4 -nolib"

Now that the name of the preprocessor command is known, the arguments of the command are looked up. The META files are evaluated under the syntax predicates, and all `archive` variables are collected and passed as arguments to the preprocessor. For example, the camlp4 package defines:

    archive(syntax,preprocessor,camlp4o) = "pa_o.cmo pa_op.cmo pr_dump.cmo"
    archive(syntax,preprocessor,camlp4r) = "pa_r.cmo pa_rp.cmo pr_dump.cmo"

Note that the predicate `preprocessor` prevents ocamlfind from including these archives into the regular list of archives to link.

## How to write a META file for your own syntax extension

Suppose you have two archives: `pa_myext.cma` contains the extension code of camlp4, and `run_myext.cma` contains runtime material that must be present in programs compiled with your extensions. Your META file should look as follows:

    requires = "camlp4"
    archive(syntax,toploop) = "pa_myext.cma run_myext.cma"
    archive(syntax,preprocessor) = "pa_myext.cma"
    archive(syntax,byte)    = "run_myext.cma"
    archive(syntax,native)  = "run_myext.cmxa"

You may add dependencies on `camlp4o` or `camlp4r` if you have archives only working for one of the two syntax variants.

To compile a program using your syntax extension package, one should use:

    ocamlfind ocamlc -package yourname -syntax variant ...

## Example

The package `xstrp4` defines a syntax extension allowing $-substitutions in O'Caml strings. Version 1.0 of this package takes advantage from the new camlp4 support of findlib; you may have a look at it for an example.

You can find `xstrp4` here.

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